Martin-christ Epsilon 2-6D LSCplus Manuel d'utilisateur télécharger pdf (Page 20)

Freeze-dryer EPSILON 2-6 LSCplus

2 Layout and mode of operation

Version 10/2012, Rev. 1.6 of 16/12/2014 • sb

Translation of the original operating manual

At the same time, the ice condenser is pre-cooled ("cool-down"). The ice

condenser temperature does not have any influence on the product

temperature. The sole purpose of the ice condenser is to bind the released

water vapour.

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2.2.2.2 Freezing

First, the product that is to be dried is frozen. This can be carried out either

directly in the freeze-dryer or in a separate deep-freeze. Especially in the

case of small filling quantities, we recommend pre-cooling the shelves as

well in order to prevent the product from thawing during the evacuation.

Two very different structures of the frozen material can be distinguished:

• crystalline structures with clearly distinguishable crystals

• amorphous structures with no crystal junctions at all (e.g. glass)

The majority of the freeze-drying products have a crystalline form.

When freezing these kinds of products, one must take into consideration

that too deep and too quick freezing leads to smaller ice crystals, which has

a negative effect on the duration of the drying process.

For every product to be dried, the solidification point must be determined as

a first step. This is the point at which the water that is contained in the

product has completely crystallised. In order to ensure an optimum freeze-

drying process, the product temperature should be approximately 10°C

below the solidification point.

A layer thickness of the product of 1-2 cm should not be exceeded, since

otherwise the drying duration would be negatively affected. If liquids are to

be dried in bottles with a layer thickness of more than 1 cm, we recommend

freezing them in a cooling bath with the aid of a shell or spin freezing

device (see figure). Due to the centrifugal force, the liquid to be frozen will

rise on the inner wall of the bottle and freeze. This procedure reduces the

layer thickness and, thereby, the total drying time will be shortened to a

considerable extent (see figures on the right side).

Fig. 12: Shell freezing

Fig. 13: Cooling bath with spin freezing device Fig. 14: Spin freezing

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Martin-christ Epsilon 2-6D LSCplus Manuel d'utilisateur Page 20

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